Sum of Squares Calculator

About this calculator

The sum of squares — formally SS = Σ(xᵢ − x̄)², the sum of each data point's squared distance from the mean — is one of the most foundational quantities in statistics, because it measures total spread while squaring keeps positive and negative deviations from canceling each other out. Dividing it by n or n−1 produces variance, and its square root gives standard deviation, while in regression and ANOVA it splits into explained and residual components that drive hypothesis tests.

This calculator takes a pasted list of numbers and returns the sum of squares alongside the count, mean, and sample variance in one step. Statistics students checking homework by hand, quality-control analysts running Six Sigma calculations, and researchers doing a quick sanity check before running a full analysis in dedicated software use it to skip the repetitive by-hand arithmetic.