Torricelli's Law Calculator

About this calculator

This calculator finds the efflux velocity of liquid escaping through a hole using Torricelli's law: v = √(2gh), where g is gravitational acceleration and h is the depth of the hole below the fluid's surface. Torricelli derived this in 1643 by applying Bernoulli's principle (before Bernoulli formalized it), showing that the exit speed matches what an object would reach falling freely from height h.

Engineers use it to estimate drain and tank discharge rates, size orifices for irrigation and industrial fluid systems, and it's a classic demonstration in fluid mechanics courses of energy conservation in a flowing liquid. Enter the depth of the hole below the surface to get the jet's exit velocity.